Numerical Simulation and Characterization of the Hydromechanical Alterations at the Zafarraya Fault Due to the 1884 Andalusia Earthquake (Spain)

The 1884 Andalusia Earthquake, with an estimated magnitude between 6.2 and 6.7, is one of the most destructive events that shook Iberian Peninsula, causing around 1200 casualties. According to paleoseismology studies intensity maps, earthquake source relates normal Ventas de Zafarraya Fault (Granada, Spain). Diverse registered later analyzed hydrological effects, such as landslides, rockfalls, soil liquefaction, all-around surge loss springs, alterations in phreatic level, discharge springs brooks well levels, along changes physical chemical parameters groundwater. Further insight into these phenomena found interplay hydromechanical processes crust surface deformations, conditions, properties. This study focuses on analyzing simulating features involved major event aims at elucidating mechanisms concerning mentioned effects. ex-post analysis builds qualitative effects visible by historical studies. It encompasses conceptual geological kinematic models a 2D finite element simulation account for undergone Fault. variability time evolution ground pore–pressure distribution both preseismic coseismic stages, matching some shreds evidence field procedure has helped shed light causal better understand this earthquake, its hypocenter magnitude. methodology can be applied other National Catalogues Earthquakes achieve deeper insight, further knowledge, understanding past earthquakes.